Is this what we are dealing with?J. Virol. January 1996 vol. 70 no. 1 494-507
Cytoskeleton association and virion incorporation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif protein.We show here that the intracellular localization of Vif is dependent on the presence of the intermediate filament vimentin. Fractionation of acutely infected T cells or transiently transfected HeLa cells demonstrates the existence of a soluble and a cytoskeletal form and to a lesser extent the presence of a detergent-extractable form of Vif. Confocal microscopy suggests that in HeLa cells, Vif is predominantly present in the cytoplasm and closely colocalizes with the intermediate filament vimentin. Treatment of cells with drugs affecting the structure of vimentin filaments affect the localization of Vif accordingly, indicating a close association of Vif with this cytoskeletal component. The association of Vif with vimentin can cause the collapse of the intermediate filament network into a perinuclear aggregate. In contrast, analysis of Vif in vimentin-negative cells reveals significant staining of the nucleus and the nuclear membrane in addition to diffuse cytoplasmic staining. In addition to the association of Vif with intermediate filaments, analyses of virion preparations demonstrate that Vif is incorporated into virus particles. In sucrose density gradients, Vif cosediments with capsid proteins even after detergent treatment of virus preparations, suggesting that Vif is associated with the inner core of HIV particles. We propose a model in which Vif has a crucial function as a virion component either by regulating virus maturation or following virus entry into a host cell possibly involving an interaction with the cellular cytoskeletal network. "
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC189838/So, it looks like a lot of research was done on this.....
Hyperacetylation, menthylation and phosphorylation
all Epigenetic changes......also could be cores of the
4 filament fibers being found alongside our actin
intermediate fibers and microtubules.
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