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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 18:43:30 GMT -5
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 18:48:36 GMT -5
Abstract; Technologies to introduce proteins into living cells are expected to be applied to functional analyses of intracellular proteins and artificial control of cell functions to begin with, and various applications to fundamental studies, and medical treatments. This article introduces a protein transduction technology using cationic polymers, and describes development and prospects of the technology of universal biomaterials transduction into living cellssciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200413/000020041304A0423218.php
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:03:31 GMT -5
Recently, progress has been made in trying to deliver proteins into cells, thereby bypassing the DNA transfection step. The direct introduction of proteins into cells may be useful to a variety of fields, including cell cycle regulation, control of apoptosis, oncogenesis and transcription regulation. Initially, methods used to transfect DNA were evaluated to determine whether their utility could also be applied to protein transduction. In addition, there have been several new innovations that cater specifically to the transport of proteins into cells. The most popular means to deliver proteins into cells include microinjection, electroporation, the construction of viral fusion proteins, and the use of cationic lipids. The prerequisite for most of these methods is a purified preparation of protein (the degree of purification is dependent upon the protein being studied). Purification of recombinant proteins is often facilitated by the incorporation of an affinity tag into the expression construct, making the purification step fast and efficient. more here www.piercenet.com/Proteomics/browse.cfm?fldID=B4F5B5EE-D919-49ED-BB37-AEE1E6A29F6A
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:05:08 GMT -5
protein transduction www.nature.com/gt/journal/v8/n1/full/3301383a.htmlProtein transduction, an emerging technology with potential applications in gene therapy, can best be described as the internalisation of proteins into the cell, from the external environment.
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:09:01 GMT -5
protein tranduction-unrestricted delivery into ALL cells www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10856932Several proteins can traverse biological membranes through protein transduction. Small sections of these proteins (10-16 residues long) are responsible for this. Linking these domains covalently to compounds, peptides, antisense peptide nucleic acids or 40-nm iron beads, or as in-frame fusions with full-length proteins, lets them enter any cell type in a receptor- and transporter-independent fashion. Moreover, several of these fusions, introduced into mice, were delivered to all tissues, even crossing the blood-brain barrier. These domains thus might let us address new questions and even help in the treatment of human disease
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:12:07 GMT -5
transduction Transfer of genetic material or characteristics from one bacterial cell to another by the incorporation of bacterial DNA into a bacteriophage. www.answers.com/topic/transduction
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:15:35 GMT -5
TAT protein transduction is a novel method of delivering biologically active proteins into cells and tissues through the fusion of a protein transduction domain to the protein of interest. The present chapter outlines the methodology pertaining to the preparation of TAT-fusion proteins and how to efficiently transduce these proteins into cultured cells or isolated rat hearts perfused in Langendorff mode www.springerprotocols.com/Abstract/doi/10.1385/1-59259-879-X:081
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:22:21 GMT -5
tiny.cc/xKdMQEfficient intracellular delivery of functional proteins using cationic polymer core/shell nanoparticles Cationic core/shell nanoparticles self-assembled from biodegradable, cationic and amphiphilic copolymer poly{N-methyldietheneamine sebacate)-co-[(cholesteryl oxocarbonylamido ethyl) methyl bis(ethylene) ammonium bromide] sebacate}, P(MDS-co-CES), were fabricated and employed to deliver lectin A-chain, an anticancer glycoprotein. Lectin A-chain was efficiently bound onto the surfaces of the nanoparticles at high mass ratios of nanoparticles to lectin A-chain. The nanoparticle/lectin A-chain complexes had an average size of approximately 150 nm with zeta potential of about +30 mV at the mass ratio of 50 or above while the BioPorter/lectin A-chain complexes had a larger particle size and relatively lower zeta potential (150 nm vs. 455 nm; +30 mV vs. +20 mV). Therefore, the cellular uptake of nanoparticle/lectin A-chain complexes was much greater than that of BioPorter/lectin A-chain complexes. The results obtained from cytotoxicity tests show that lectin A-chain delivered by the nanoparticles was significantly more toxic against MDA-MB-231, HeLa, HepG2 and 4T1 cell lines when compared to BioPorter, and IC50 of lectin A-chain delivered by the nanoparticles was 0.2, 0.5, 10 and 50 mg/l, respectively, while that of lectin A-chain delivered by BioPorter was higher than 100 mg/l in all cell lines tested. These nano-sized particles may provide an efficient approach for intracellular delivery of biologically active proteins.
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:24:40 GMT -5
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:30:32 GMT -5
POLYCATIONIC POLYMERS www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1440293Synthetic and Natural Polycationic Polymer Nanoparticles Interact Selectively with Fluid-Phase Domains of DMPC Lipid Bilayers Polycationic polymers are used extensively for the transport of material across cell membranes. Synthetic polymers commonly employed include linear macromolecules such as polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly-L-lysine (PLL), diethylaminoethyl-dextran (DEAE-dextran), and branched polymers such as poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers.1-3 Interestingly, several classes of natural polycationic polymers appear to play a similar role, albeit by a different mechanism, including the cell-penetrating peptides or CPPs.4-6 The details of cellular internalization of the proteins and polymers are only partially understood and have been the subject of considerable debate in the literature.7-12
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 19:54:48 GMT -5
Guidance for the Assessment of Polymers. 8. Cationic Polymers. • Carbon-based polymer backbone. • Silicone-based backbone. • Natural-based backbone www.epa.gov/oppt/sf/pubs/AssessmentPolymers.pdfNONCANCER HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF POLYMERS vs. CANCEROUS HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF POLYMERS!!!!!!!!!!!!! aqt
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 20:02:31 GMT -5
DNA transfection tiny.cc/DOt2Btransfection is the delivery of DNA RNA and macromolecules into eukaryotic cells.
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Post by aqt on Jun 29, 2009 20:04:49 GMT -5
DNA transfection DNA transfection medical dictionary <molecular biology> A technique originally developed to allow viral infection of animal cells by uptake of purified viral DNA rather than by intact virus particles. Term is now generally used to describe applications of same methodology to introduction of other kinds of genes or gene fragments into cells as DNA, such as activated oncogenes from tumours into tissue culture cells. www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?DNA+transfection
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Post by aqt on Jun 30, 2009 19:05:51 GMT -5
transfection en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TransfectionTransfection is the process of introducing nucleic acids into cells by non-viral methods.[1] The term "transformation" is preferred to describe non-viral DNA transfer in bacteria and non-animal eukaryotic cells; "transduction" is often used to describe virus-mediated DNA transfer. Transfection of animal cells typically involves opening transient pores or "holes" in the cell membrane, to allow the uptake of material. Genetic material (such as supercoiled plasmid DNA or siRNA constructs), or even proteins such as antibodies, may be transfected. Transfection can be carried out using calcium phosphate, by electroporation, or by mixing a cationic lipid with the material to produce liposomes, which fuse with the cell membrane and deposit their cargo inside. Transfection can result in unexpected morphologies and abnormalities in target cells
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Post by aqt on Jul 1, 2009 4:49:09 GMT -5
polyelectrolyte...electical charges??
aqt
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