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Post by skyship on Feb 4, 2016 13:44:25 GMT -5
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Post by skyship on Feb 4, 2016 14:02:04 GMT -5
Demonstration of aluminum in amyloid fibers in the cores of senile plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease www.geoengineeringwatch.org/documents/barron/Demonstration%20of%20aluminum%20in%20amyloid%20fibers%20in%20the%20cores%20of%20senile%20plaques%20in%20the%20brains%20of%20patients%20with%20Alzheimer%C3%2582%C2%B9s%20disease.pdfOrigin of life. Primordial genetics: Information transfer in a pre-RNA world based on self-replicating beta-sheet amyloid conformers. . "J. Theor. Biol. View on PubmedPUBLISHED: 08-02-2015The question of the origin of life on Earth can largely be reduced to the question of what was the first molecular replicator system that was able to replicate and evolve under the presumably very harsh conditions on the early Earth. It is unlikely that a functional RNA could have existed under such conditions and it is generally assumed that some other kind of information system preceded the RNA world. Here, I present an informational molecular system that is stable, self-replicative, environmentally responsive, and evolvable under conditions characterized by high temperatures, ultraviolet and cosmic radiation. This postulated pregenetic system is based on the amyloid fold, a functionally unique polypeptide fold characterized by a cross beta-sheet structure in which the beta strands are arranged perpendicular to the fiber axis. Beside an extraordinary structural robustness, the amyloid fold possesses a unique ability to transmit information by a three-dimensional templating mechanism. In amyloidogenesis short peptide monomers are added one by one to the growing end of the fiber. From the same monomeric subunits several structural variants of amyloid may be formed. Then, in a self-replicative mode, a specific amyloid conformer can act as a template and confer its spatially encoded information to daughter molecular entities in a repetitive way. In this process, the specific conformational information, the spatially changed organization, is transmitted; the coding element is the steric zipper structure, and recognition occurs by amino acid side chain complementarity. The amyloid information system fulfills several basic requirements of a primordial evolvable replicator system: (i) it is stable under the presumed primitive Earth conditions, (ii) the monomeric building blocks of the informational polymer can be formed from available prebiotic compounds, (iii) the system is self-assembling and self-replicative and (iv) it is adaptive to changes in the environment and evolvable." www.jove.com/visualize/abstract/26196585/origin-life-primordial-genetics-information-transfer-pre-rna-world
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Post by skyship on Feb 4, 2016 14:04:40 GMT -5
"However, amyloids may also have a normal biological function as demonstrated by fungal prions, which are involved in prion replication, and the amyloid protein Pmel17, which is involved in mammalian skin pigmentation. Here, we show that peptide and protein hormones in secretory granules of the endocrine system are stored in an amyloid-like cross β-sheet-rich conformation. Thus, in contrast to the original association of amyloids with diseases, functional amyloids in the pituitary and other organs can contribute to normal cell and tissue physiology.". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2865899/
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Post by skyship on Feb 4, 2016 15:05:53 GMT -5
Conducting Core–Shell Nanowires by Amyloid Nanofiber Templated Polymerization "The preparation of conducting polymer nanowires in aqueous solutions is a challenging goal, especially for applications in nanobioelectronics. Here, we show that amyloid nanofibers template the formation of conducting polyaniline nanowires with a core–shell architecture. The nanofibers exhibit hydrophobic pockets that presumably preassemble the aniline monomers. The template directs polymer morphology as it favors the formation of linear polymer chains, suppresses defects in the polymer chain which are detrimental to charge transport and induces chiral helicity into the polymer. This strategy has the potential of being applied to other polymers than polyaniline and might open up new possibilities to synthesize biocompatible and conducting polymer nanowires with prospects for applications in, for example, sensing, neuronal tissue engineering, and electrostimulated stem cell differentiation." w/hex: pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bomaf6/2015/bomaf6.2015.16.issue-2/bm501pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/bm501618c
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