Post by skyship on Oct 14, 2009 15:39:00 GMT -5
In this article, I continue to chase the PAH, but, am finding
some remedies that may be helpful as well.
morgspine.bravejournal.com/
I did see something here called radiolabeled PAHS
HAHs and PAHs
media.wiley.com/CurrentProtocols/TX/tx0408/tx0408-fig-0001-1-full.gif
==================
In Vivo Metabolism and Genotoxic Effects of Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
L. Möller
Unit for Analytical Toxicology, Center for Nutrition and Toxicology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
Abstract
During incomplete combustion of organic matter, nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs), are formed in a reaction that is catalyzed by a low pH. 2-Nitrofluorene (NF), a marker for nitro-PAHs, is metabolized in vivo by two different routes. After inhalation, potent mutagenic metabolites, hydroxylated nitrofluorenes (OH-NFs), are formed. The metabolites are distributed by systemic circulation. After oral administration, NF is reduced to the corresponding amine, a reaction mediated by the intestinal microflora. This metabolite is acetylated to 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), a potent carcinogen. Further ring-hydroxylation of AAF leads to detoxification and excretion. Induction of cytochrome P450s affects the metabolism, and more OH-NFs are formed. As a consequence, more mutagenic metabolites are found in the circulation. OH-NFs are excreted in the bile as, in terms of mutagenicity, totally harmless glucuronide conjugates. When these conjugates are excreted via the bile, intestinal ß-glucuronidase can liberate direct-acting mutagens in the intestine. Thus, inhalation of NF can lead to formation of potent mutagens in the intestine. NF is a direct-acting mutagen in bacterial assays and an initiator and promoter of the carcinogenic process, and gives rise to DNA adduct formation in laboratory animals. -- Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 4):139-146 (1994).
Key words: genotoxicity, intestinal microflora, metabolism, 2-nitrofluorene, nitro-PAH
www.ehponline.org/members/1994/Suppl-4/moller-full.html
takes me to fullerenes again:
tinyurl.com/yht46fw
Fullerenes as radiolabeled PAHs
Wonder what this is?
www.nyu.edu/projects/schuster/Publications.htm
www.nist.gov/sigmaxi/Abstracts97/Mitch.html
so much we do not know, and the use of these products have
never been tested, until now, after the damage is done.
well, Nature still speaks.
skyship
some remedies that may be helpful as well.
morgspine.bravejournal.com/
I did see something here called radiolabeled PAHS
HAHs and PAHs
media.wiley.com/CurrentProtocols/TX/tx0408/tx0408-fig-0001-1-full.gif
==================
In Vivo Metabolism and Genotoxic Effects of Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
L. Möller
Unit for Analytical Toxicology, Center for Nutrition and Toxicology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
Abstract
During incomplete combustion of organic matter, nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs), are formed in a reaction that is catalyzed by a low pH. 2-Nitrofluorene (NF), a marker for nitro-PAHs, is metabolized in vivo by two different routes. After inhalation, potent mutagenic metabolites, hydroxylated nitrofluorenes (OH-NFs), are formed. The metabolites are distributed by systemic circulation. After oral administration, NF is reduced to the corresponding amine, a reaction mediated by the intestinal microflora. This metabolite is acetylated to 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), a potent carcinogen. Further ring-hydroxylation of AAF leads to detoxification and excretion. Induction of cytochrome P450s affects the metabolism, and more OH-NFs are formed. As a consequence, more mutagenic metabolites are found in the circulation. OH-NFs are excreted in the bile as, in terms of mutagenicity, totally harmless glucuronide conjugates. When these conjugates are excreted via the bile, intestinal ß-glucuronidase can liberate direct-acting mutagens in the intestine. Thus, inhalation of NF can lead to formation of potent mutagens in the intestine. NF is a direct-acting mutagen in bacterial assays and an initiator and promoter of the carcinogenic process, and gives rise to DNA adduct formation in laboratory animals. -- Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 4):139-146 (1994).
Key words: genotoxicity, intestinal microflora, metabolism, 2-nitrofluorene, nitro-PAH
www.ehponline.org/members/1994/Suppl-4/moller-full.html
takes me to fullerenes again:
tinyurl.com/yht46fw
Fullerenes as radiolabeled PAHs
Wonder what this is?
www.nyu.edu/projects/schuster/Publications.htm
www.nist.gov/sigmaxi/Abstracts97/Mitch.html
so much we do not know, and the use of these products have
never been tested, until now, after the damage is done.
well, Nature still speaks.
skyship